{"id":624,"date":"2024-07-18T13:31:02","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T11:31:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/?p=624"},"modified":"2026-04-15T20:55:36","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T18:55:36","slug":"linux-gnu-debian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/?p=624","title":{"rendered":"Linux-Gnu\/debian."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">en dehors de l&rsquo;association,  de l&rsquo;ornementale et de la sculpture, je m\u2019int\u00e9resse aux syst\u00e8mes Linux, et en particulier \u00e0 Debian<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">  b\u00e9n\u00e9volement, je suis administrateur syst\u00e8me dans l\u2019association : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.le-pic.org\/\">https:\/\/www.le-pic.org<\/a>\/, pour le maintien de nos 8 serveur chez Gandi et chez Tetraneutral,  mais aussi pour le maintien et les mises \u00e0 jour des sites sous le cms spip .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">je suis membre du CA de l&rsquo;association <a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/\">https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/<\/a> et pr\u00e9sent sur le forum et sur IRC pour l&rsquo;aide aux d\u00e9butants sous Gnu\/Linux_debian<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">je maintien quelques sites sous spip en dehors de l&rsquo;association, toujours b\u00e9n\u00e9volement <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-gray-background-color has-background\">Stage d&rsquo;initiation \u00e0 Debian-Gnu\/Linux<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-gray-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">Debian est une distribution GNU\/Linux, avec syst\u00e8me d\u2019exploitation bas\u00e9 sur le noyau Linux.Debian, dont la premi\u00e8re version a vu le jour en 1993, fond\u00e9 par Ian Murdock<br>Il s\u2019agit de la plus ancienne distribution libre du monde et elle est tr\u00e8s utilis\u00e9e par les professionnels pour son extr\u00eame stabilit\u00e9 et sa fiabilit\u00e9. Le projet Debian est un groupe mondial d&rsquo;individus volontaires qui s\u2019efforcent de produire un syst\u00e8me d\u2019exploitation qui soit compos\u00e9 exclusivement de logiciels libres. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-gray-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">Un syst\u00e8me d&rsquo;exploitation est l&rsquo;ensemble des programmes et utilitaires de base qui permettent de faire fonctionner votre ordinateur. Au c\u0153ur d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me d&rsquo;exploitation se trouve le noyau. Le noyau est le programme le plus fondamental sur l&rsquo;ordinateur, il fait toute la gestion de base des ressources et vous permet de lancer d&rsquo;autres programmes.<br>Les syst\u00e8mes Debian utilisent actuellement le noyau Linux ou le noyau FreeBSD. Linux est un logiciel initi\u00e9 par Linus Torvalds et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par des milliers de programmeurs de par le monde. FreeBSD est un syst\u00e8me d&rsquo;exploitation comprenant un noyau et d&rsquo;autres logiciels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-gray-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">Le contrat social de Debian : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.debian.org\/social_contract\">https:\/\/www.debian.org\/social_contract<\/a><br>Gnu c&rsquo;est quoi: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/\">https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/<\/a><br>le GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) Open Source est le chargeur de d\u00e9marrage par d\u00e9faut sur les syst\u00e8mes x86. Le r\u00f4le du GRUB est de charger l&rsquo;archive d&rsquo;initialisation dans la m\u00e9moire du syst\u00e8me. Une archive d&rsquo;initialisation est un ensemble de fichiers critiques n\u00e9cessaire au d\u00e9marrage du syst\u00e8me avant que le syst\u00e8me de fichiers racine ne soit mont\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"background-color:#00800078\">tutos t\u00e9l\u00e9chargeable : auteur: Maurice Grelaud (alias \u00ab\u00a0lagrenouille\u00a0\u00bb)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><br><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:apt-dpkg\">apt\/dpkg \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:pdftk\">PDFTK -et- CONVERT \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"375\" height=\"515\" src=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/l_ydre.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1101\" style=\"width:280px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/l_ydre.png 375w, https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/l_ydre-218x300.png 218w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/doc:systeme:admin:systemd?s[]=systemd&amp;s[]=lagrenouille\">systemd \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:reseau#lien-vers-tutos-liesutilisation-des-commandes-reseaux\">r\u00e9seau \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:utilisation-des-commandes-reseaux\">aper\u00e7u de commandes d&amp;apos;administration r\u00e9seau \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:quelques-commandes-dns#installation\">commandes DNS \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:wireguard\">Wireguard \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/atelier:chantier:construction-d-un-serveur#un-serveur-sous-debian\">un serveur sous debian \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:captnfab:tutos:libvirt-grenouille\">Utilisation de libvirt \u00e0 distance avec virt-manager \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:agrandissement-partition-racine?s[]=gparted\">Agrandissement de mes partitions racines \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:networkmanager-wifi\">networkmanager-wifi \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:sqlite-conversions\">convertir un fichier sqlite en iso-8859-1 vers de l&amp;apos; utf-8 \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:imagemagick\">Imagemagick l\u2019interface en ligne de commande. \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/atelier:chantier:ffmpeg-generalites#installation\">ffmpeg : g\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9s non exhaustif \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:tutos:ffmpeg-faire-un-diaporama_musical\">faire un diaporama musical avec ffmpeg \/ Wiki \/ Debian-facil<\/a>e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/doc:media:ffmpeg:extraction-audio\">https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/doc:media:ffmpeg:extraction-audio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:trucs_et_astuces\">https:\/\/debian-facile.org\/utilisateurs:lagrenouille:trucs_et_astuces<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e9l\u00e9chargez le pdf.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file aligncenter\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/association-le_caillou_formation-linux-debian-1.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Contenu embarqu\u00e9 association-le_caillou_formation-linux-debian.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-059da0d6-712c-4915-8c10-ca7007220ece\" href=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/association-le_caillou_formation-linux-debian-1.pdf\">association-le_caillou_formation-linux-debian<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/association-le_caillou_formation-linux-debian-1.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-059da0d6-712c-4915-8c10-ca7007220ece\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/salut.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"659\" src=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/salut-1024x659.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1016\" style=\"width:540px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/salut-1024x659.png 1024w, https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/salut-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/salut-768x494.png 768w, https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/salut.png 1202w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">capture \u00e9cran debian<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/grub-casse.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"789\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/grub-casse.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-978\" style=\"width:543px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/grub-casse.png 789w, https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/grub-casse-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/grub-casse-768x490.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 789px) 100vw, 789px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contribution au chaton comme administrateur, plus particuli\u00e8rement pour les sites sous spip, et maintenance des serveurs: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.le-pic.org\/.\">https:\/\/www.le-pic.org\/.<\/a><br>Contribution \u00e0 l&rsquo;association : <a href=\"https:\/\/debian-facile.org\">https:\/\/debian-facile.org<\/a>.<br>Maintenance technique ou webmestre, de plusieurs sites sous spip sur le net.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>en dehors de l&rsquo;association, de l&rsquo;ornementale et de la sculpture, je m\u2019int\u00e9resse aux syst\u00e8mes Linux, et en particulier \u00e0 Debian b\u00e9n\u00e9volement, je suis administrateur syst\u00e8me dans l\u2019association : https:\/\/www.le-pic.org\/, pour le maintien de nos 8 serveur chez Gandi et chez &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/?p=624\">Continuer la lecture <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":627,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le_caillou","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=624"}],"version-history":[{"count":60,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2039,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624\/revisions\/2039"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/le-caillou.le-pic.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}